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The provision of psychological first aid to first responders and healthcare workers after a mass casualty event is most appropriately categorized within the recovery phase of disaster management. During this phase, the focus shifts towards helping individuals and communities heal from the traumatic impacts of the disaster. After the immediate threats are managed, attention turns to addressing the psychological and emotional needs of those involved, including first responders who may experience significant stress, trauma, and loss as a result of their involvement in disaster response efforts.

This phase emphasizes restoring mental health and community resilience after a disaster, which often entails providing support to those affected, including implementing programs or interventions that can aid recovery. Psychological first aid serves as a crucial component of this recovery, as it helps individuals process the trauma experienced during the event and supports their mental recovery journey.

In contrast, the other phases are focused on different objectives: the prevention phase aims at minimizing risks and preventing disasters before they occur; the response phase centers on the immediate actions taken to save lives and protect property during the disaster; and the mitigation phase is about reducing the impact of future disasters. Each of these phases plays a vital role in the overall disaster management framework, but the recovery phase is specifically where psychological first aid interventions are prioritized for those affected.